/* ── Design tokens ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
:root {
  /* Warm palette — forest PRIMARY, terracotta SECONDARY */
  --forest-pale:    #C9DDD0;
  --forest-soft:    #95AE9D;
  --forest:         #5A7E64;   /* PRIMARY: links, CTAs, accents */
  --sage:           #7F8563;
  --terracotta:     #DB7F50;   /* SECONDARY: highlight badges, accepted */
  --blush:          #F7C8AD;

  /* Neutrals */
  --bg:          #FAFAF7;
  --text:        #1A1A18;
  --text-muted:  #6B6B67;
  --text-faint:  #9B9B96;
  --border:      #E0DED6;

  /* Type */
  --serif:       'Source Serif 4', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --sans:        'DM Sans', system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
  --col:         900px;
  --pad:         32px;
}

/* ── Reset ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { font-size: 16px; }
body {
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  line-height: 1.75;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
p + p { margin-top: 1em; }

/* ── Layout ────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.container {
  max-width: var(--col);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--pad);
}

/* ── Navigation ────────────────────────────────────────────── */
nav {
  border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  z-index: 100;
}
.nav-inner {
  max-width: var(--col);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--pad);
  height: 52px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  position: relative;
}
nav .nav-name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text);
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.nav-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
  flex-shrink: 1;
}
.nav-links a {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.nav-links a:hover { color: var(--text); }
.nav-links a.active { color: var(--text); }

/* Hamburger toggle — hidden by default, shown < 640px */
.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  padding: 10px;
  margin-right: -10px;
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
}
.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 18px;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: var(--text);
  margin: 4px auto;
  border-radius: 1px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, opacity 0.15s ease;
}
nav.nav-open .nav-toggle span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(5.5px) rotate(45deg); }
nav.nav-open .nav-toggle span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
nav.nav-open .nav-toggle span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-5.5px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* Research dropdown */
.nav-dropdown { position: relative; }
.nav-dropdown-toggle { cursor: pointer; user-select: none; }
.nav-dropdown-toggle::after {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  border-right: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  margin-left: 6px;
  vertical-align: middle;
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  right: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  min-width: 240px;
  padding: 8px 0;
  z-index: 200;
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu.open { display: block; }
.nav-dropdown-item {
  display: block;
  padding: 9px 16px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: color 0.15s;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav-dropdown-item:hover { color: var(--forest); }
.nav-dropdown-item.muted { color: var(--text-faint); }
.nav-dropdown-item.muted:hover { color: var(--forest); }

/* ── Sections ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
/* No dividers between sections; rule sits inline with the label. */
section { padding: 72px 0 60px; }
.contact-section { padding: 48px 0; }

.section-label {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}
.section-label::after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  flex: 1;
  height: 0.5px;
  background: var(--border);
}

/* Plant shelf overlay — decorative drawing resting on the section rule.
   Absolutely positioned so it sits on top of the existing layout
   without affecting any sibling positioning. */
.section-label--shelf { position: relative; }
.section-label--shelf .shelf-plants {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  /* Align the shelf line inside the drawing with the section rule.
     The shelf in the artwork sits ~39% from the top of the PNG. */
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-44%);
  width: 350px;
  height: auto;
  pointer-events: none;
  user-select: none;
  z-index: 2;
}
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .section-label--shelf .shelf-plants { width: 200px; }
}

/* ── Hero ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.hero { padding: 80px 0 68px; }

.hero-split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: start;
  margin-top: 8px;
}
.hero-photo-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 18px;
}
.hero-photo {
  width: 280px;
  height: 280px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  background: var(--border);
  max-width: 100%;
}
.hero-text-col {
  min-width: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 280px;
}
.hero-text-col .hero-subhead { max-width: 100%; }
.hero-text-col .hero-cta { margin-top: auto; align-self: flex-start; }

.hero-discipline {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.hero-headline {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 36px;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.28;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  max-width: 680px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--forest);
  padding-left: 20px;
}
.hero-headline em { font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; }

.hero-subhead {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #3D3D3A;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  max-width: 580px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
.hero-subhead em { font-style: italic; }

.hero-bio {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #3D3D3A;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.hero-cta {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--forest);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--forest);
  transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.hero-cta:hover { opacity: 0.7; }

/* ── Research grid ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
.pillar-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
  list-style: none;
}
.pillar-card {
  position: relative;
  background: #FFFFFF;
  border: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 24px 24px 12px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 168px;
  transition: border-color 0.15s;
}
.pillar-card:hover { border-color: var(--forest); }
.pillar-cover-link {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.pillar-badge-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  min-height: 18px;
}
.pillar-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.pillar-desc {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  flex: 1;
}
.pillar-arrow {
  align-self: flex-end;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--forest);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.15s, transform 0.15s;
}
.pillar-card:hover .pillar-arrow {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(2px);
}

/* ── Status badges ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
.badge {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
/* Accepted = forest green (published / confirmed) */
.badge-accepted {
  background: #EAF3EE;
  color: var(--forest);
}
/* In development = terracotta (in-progress highlight) */
.badge-development {
  background: #FBEFE6;
  color: var(--terracotta);
}
/* Exploratory = muted */
.badge-exploratory {
  background: #F5F0EC;
  color: var(--text-faint);
}

/* Legacy plaintext status labels */
.status-active {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--terracotta);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.status-pending {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--forest);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* ── Inline text links ─────────────────────────────────────── */
.inline-link {
  color: var(--forest) !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.15s;
}
.inline-link:hover { border-color: var(--forest); }

/* ── Publications ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
/* Internal dividers ONLY between items — no top/bottom rules. */
.pub-list { list-style: none; }
.pub-item { padding: 18px 0; }
.pub-item + .pub-item { border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border); }
.pub-title {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.pub-title-link {
  color: var(--forest);
  transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.pub-title-link:hover { opacity: 0.7; }
.pub-authors {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 3px;
}
.pub-meta {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
}
.pub-venue { color: var(--forest); }
.pub-link {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--forest);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.15s;
}
.pub-link:hover { border-color: var(--forest); }

/* ── Contact ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.contact-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 40px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.contact-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}
.contact-col-right {
  align-items: flex-end;
  text-align: right;
}
.contact-link {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.contact-link:hover { color: var(--forest); }
.footer-note {
  margin-top: 24px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ── Back link (subpages) ──────────────────────────────────── */
.back-link-wrap { padding: 28px 0 0; }
.back-link {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--forest);
  transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.back-link:hover { opacity: 0.7; }

/* ── Project header (subpages) ─────────────────────────────── */
.project-header {
  padding: 40px 0 52px;
  border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border);
}
.project-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.project-desc {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.project-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: #EAF3EE;
  color: var(--forest);
}
.project-badge.status-pending {
  background: #FBEFE6;
  color: var(--terracotta);
}

/* ── Content sections (subpages) ───────────────────────────── */
/* Internal dividers only between consecutive sections. */
.content-section { padding: 52px 0; }
.content-section + .content-section { border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border); }
.content-section h2 {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.content-section p {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: #3D3D3A;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
.content-section p + p { margin-top: 1.1em; }

/* ── Citation block ────────────────────────────────────────── */
.citation-block {
  padding: 20px 24px;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--forest);
  background: rgba(201, 221, 208, 0.28);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}
.citation-text {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.citation-meta {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
}
.citation-note {
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ── About page ────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.about-photo-wrap { margin-bottom: 40px; }

/* Two-image diptych at top of About. Both photos landscape; left
   slightly wider than right to give a hierarchy. */
.about-photos {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 28px 0 44px;
}
.about-photo {
  width: 100%;
  height: 280px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  background: var(--border);
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.about-photo--portrait { object-position: center 30%; }
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .about-photos {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 10px;
  }
  .about-photo { height: 240px; }
}

.author-photo {
  width: 96px;
  height: 96px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  background: var(--border);
}
.author-photo-lg {
  width: 160px;
  height: 160px;
}
.author-photo-placeholder {
  width: 96px;
  height: 96px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}
/* Internal dividers only between items. */
.affiliation-list { list-style: none; margin-top: 0; }
.affiliation-item {
  padding: 14px 0;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #3D3D3A;
}
.affiliation-item + .affiliation-item { border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border); }
.affiliation-role {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-top: 2px;
}
.cv-link-wrap { margin-top: 32px; }
.cv-link {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--forest);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--forest);
  padding-bottom: 1px;
  transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.cv-link:hover { opacity: 0.7; }

/* ── Placeholder note ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.placeholder-note {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-top: 24px;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ── Responsive ────────────────────────────────────────────── */
/* Tablet / large phone — tighten vertical rhythm, scale display type. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  :root { --pad: 28px; }
  section { padding: 56px 0 48px; }
  .hero { padding: 60px 0 52px; }
  .hero-headline { font-size: 27px; }
  .project-header { padding: 32px 0 44px; }
  .content-section { padding: 44px 0; }
}

/* Hamburger menu — desktop nav collapses into a button. */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .nav-toggle { display: block; }
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border);
    padding: 4px var(--pad) 14px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(26, 26, 24, 0.05);
  }
  nav.nav-open .nav-links { display: flex; }
  .nav-links > li { width: 100%; }
  .nav-links a {
    display: block;
    padding: 12px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--text);
    border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  }
  .nav-links > li:last-child > a { border-bottom: 0; }
  /* Research submenu becomes inline expansion */
  .nav-dropdown-menu {
    position: static;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
    padding: 0 0 8px 14px;
    margin: 0;
    min-width: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  .nav-dropdown-item {
    padding: 8px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

/* Stack hero photo above text. */
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .hero-split {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
  }
  .hero-photo {
    width: 256px;
    height: 256px;
  }
}

/* Phone — single-column grid, tighter padding, smaller display type. */
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  :root { --pad: 20px; }
  .hero { padding: 44px 0 40px; }
  .hero-headline { font-size: 24px; padding-left: 16px; border-left-width: 3px; }
  .hero-subhead { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.7; }
  .hero-bio { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.7; }
  .project-title { font-size: 22px; }
  .pillar-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .section-label { margin-bottom: 28px; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .site-footer { padding: 40px 0 32px; margin-top: 48px; }
}

/* Small phone — keep nav fitting comfortably. */
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .nav-inner { height: 48px; padding: 0 16px; }
  nav .nav-name { font-size: 18px; }
  .hero-headline { font-size: 22px; }
  .content-section p { font-size: 18px; }
  .citation-block { padding: 16px 18px; }
}

/* ── Site footer ───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.site-footer {
  border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  margin-top: 72px;
  padding: 48px 0 40px;
  background: var(--bg);
}
.footer-inner {
  max-width: var(--col);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--pad);
}
.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.footer-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}
.footer-label {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.footer-link {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.footer-link:hover { color: var(--forest); }
.site-footer .footer-note {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  line-height: 1.7;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border);
  margin-top: 0;
}
.footer-bottom {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-top: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.footer-disclaimer {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  font-style: italic;
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 180px;
}
.footer-legal {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-align: right;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.footer-legal a {
  color: var(--text-faint);
  transition: color 0.15s;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.footer-legal a:hover { color: var(--text-muted); }